Surface contamination refers to the presence of unwanted foreign substances on the surface of an object, typically in an industrial or environmental context. This can include contaminants such as chemicals, pathogens, dust, or other particles that may pose a potential risk to human health or the environment. Surface contamination can occur through various sources, such as spills, leaks, or improper handling of materials. Researchers in this field study the methods and technologies used to detect, monitor, and remove surface contaminants, as well as the potential impact of these contaminants on human health and the environment. Effective management of surface contamination is essential to ensure the safety and sustainability of our natural and built environments.